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A gargantuan tortoise name Diego may be more than 100 years old , but his libido is the stuff of legend . The centenarian tortoise has generate an forecast 800 offspring , leading many to arrogate he single - handedly saved his metal money from the brink of extinguishing . But scientists say it was not Diego ’s fertile sexuality drive alone that saved the jumbo tortoise coinage .
Fifty years ago , only 14 members of thegiant tortoisesubspeciesChelonoidis hoodensislived on the island of Española in the Galápagos archipelago — 12 female person and two males . In the 1970s , when investigator were looking for a mate for another renowned giant tortoise , Lonesome George , a third male person of the rarefied mintage was strike live in the San Diego Zoo . Now hump as Diego , the tortoise was moved to a Galápagos mating centre .
Diego, a centenarian tortoise, has fathered an estimated 800 offspring.
Linda Cayot , scientific discipline adviser to the Galapagos Conservancy — which puzzle out with the the Charles Darwin Foundation and the Galapagos National Park , where the mating center is locate — said the tortoises were separate into two corrals : one with Diego , a younger male person and a handful of females ; and another with the third male person and the remaining female person . [ Image Gallery : Fossilized Turtles Caught in the Act ]
" The females restrain producing ballock , and they were incubated and nurture to about 5 old age honest-to-god and then returned to Española , " Cayot told Live Science . " So that went on for twelvemonth , and nobody knew that [ Diego ] was the dominant sire until the geneticists got involved . "
Blood sample from the tortoises that had been released back on Española give away their parenthood . Although Diego fathered more than 800 young and his corral mate fathered very few , it was actually the third male who had the most prolific breeding career , fathering doubly as many offspring as Diego , the scientist say .
" Diego is a very charismatictortoise , and he for certain does a pile of the mating , " allege James Gibbs , a preservation life scientist at the SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry ( ESF ) and an adjunct scientist for the Galapagos Conservancy . " But Diego really only does about half of the mating another male does , E15 , that does n’t have a fancy name or a fancy personality . And the third male does essentially nothing . "
Thanks to these two virile tortoises , about 2,000 tortoise have been release back on Española . About 50 to 60 percent of those tortoise are still live — which is considered a gamy success charge per unit — and they have been reproducing naturally on the island since 1990 , Cayot enunciate .
The numbers alone are weigh " one of the mostsuccessful preservation news report , " Gibbs said . However , the transmissible testing raised a concern : a want of diversity . Low genetic diversity specify the population ’s ability to adjust to exchange conditions and can cause health issues due to inbreeding , the researcher said . Moving forward , the breeding center will split up the tortoises into three corral , so there ’s no rivalry among the males for female . They will also pair the males with females they have n’t match with before .
Cayot excuse that , in the researchers ' preservation travail , " phase 1 " focused on grow the population from the original 15 jumbo tortoise in the mating center . Now that a minor but healthy population of the tortoise has been established , " phase 2 " will focus on increasing the genetic multifariousness of the animals to ascertain their long - term wellness and selection . [ image : 100 - Year - Old Lonesome George Tortoise break on Exhibit ]
Another view of this 2nd form is focused on the wellness of the island as a whole .
" Things are look really good for the tortoises , " Gibbs aver . " In terms of their numbers , they ’re recovering quite well , but as their numbers mature on the island , they ’re going to feel some constraints . "
On Española , human influence affected not onlythe tortoise populationbut also the island ’s vegetation . Humans ' introduction of goats to the island in the late 1800s , for instance , play a role in ruin much of the tortoises ' habitat . Gibbs said key flora , such as large tree diagram - like cacti — which the tortoise rely on for shade , piddle and food — are dying off , and woody plants have maturate to a concentration not typical for the area .
The tortoise universe on Española is stable , Gibbs say , so conservationists are now looking into option to serve support the ecosystem ’s revival as well . In the interim , as tortoises are assume and reared at the gentility center , they are being placed on the neighboring island of Santa Fe , which lost its tortoise universe 150 class ago .
" They were released for the first prison term last year , and it ’s very exciting because find this one species has also enabled us to recover the ecosystem of another island , " Gibbs pronounce . " Santa Fe also provides an insurance colony for the Española population . "
There is still much employment to be done as conservation efforts acrossthe Galápagoscontinue , Gibbs pronounce , but the Española tortoises be an important success chronicle .
" Those small number would have draw down most other species , " Gibbs allege . " But there ’s something about tortoise that made this work . "
Original clause onLive scientific discipline .
